An Evaluation of COVID-19 Investigation and Contact Tracing Training in Karnali, Nepal

Abstract

Background: Case investigation and contact tracing (CICT) is considered one of the key strategies to prevent further spread of COVID-19 and to reduce its deleterious impact. It is considered a specialized skill. This study aimed to assess the effect of CICT training and the perceived challenges in implementing CICT. 

Methods: A mixed method study was conducted among the health workers of Surkhet, Kalikot, Dolpa, and Mugu district of Karnali province who had received CICT training. The study was conducted from 25th September 2020 to 23rd October 2020. A total of 98 health workers were interviewed using 12-item questionnaires to assess the knowledge and skills gained from the training, followed by a total of 20 KII to explore the perceived challenges of implementing the knowledge gained from CICT training. Pre and post-test data were analyzed using paired t-test and the thematic analysis of KII was performed. 

Results: A significant increase in mean score (Mean score change= 3.09±2.27, p-value=<0.001) was observed after the CICT training. Perceived challenges in CICT implementation in Nepal encompassed issues such as coordination at the local level, shortages of safety items and tents during the initial quarantine phase, low testing rates, vaccine hesitancy, economic hardships, transportation limitations, skilled manpower shortages for record-keeping, constraints in healthcare infrastructure, political instability, and geographical obstacles.

Conclusion: The CICT training was effective in the Karnali province in changing knowledge and perception of CICT. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, they faced new experiences and difficulties.